Аудиозапись
According to the announcement, the visitors of the shopping centre should …
Аудиозапись
According to the announcement, the visitors of the shopping centre should …
Правильный ответ
2
Пояснение
Разбор. Объявление в магазине: "There's no danger and there's no need for evacuation. Please go on with your shopping." Вариант 1 неверен: эвакуация прямо отменена. Вариант 3 неверен: центральный холл назван лишь местом, куда обращаться при вопросах — "turn to our manager in the central lobby", а не местом общего сбора.
Ответ: 2
Аудиозапись
Andrew asks Tom…
Правильный ответ
2
Пояснение
Разбор. Эндрю просит: "I just wonder if you could walk him on Saturday evening and on Sunday in the morning" (речь о его собаке). Вариант 1 неверен: сам Эндрю катается на велосипеде и ни о чём подобном не просит. Вариант 3 неверен: в помощи по саду нуждается бабушка Эндрю, а не Том — "She needs some help there with her house and garden."
Ответ: 2
Аудиозапись
What school subject does Helen like?
Правильный ответ
3
Пояснение
Разбор. Майк говорит Хелен: "I know science is your favorite", что подтверждает и её собственное сравнение — "I'd prefer ten tests in science to one in maths." Вариант 1 неверен: историю она называет скучной — "History's awful, too. I can never remember all those dates." Вариант 2 неверен: математика вызывает у неё сложности — "All those equations and calculations are beyond my understanding."
Ответ: 3
Аудиозапись
Nick’s brother is crying because ...
Правильный ответ
2
Пояснение
Разбор. Ник объясняет Энн, что не хочет снова играть с братом в те же машинки: "He just wants to play with his cars with me... I'm sick and tired of his toys." Вариант 1 неверен: ничего не сломано — "No, he's all right. As well as his toys." Вариант 3 неверен: про кузена и одолженную игрушку речи не идёт — Энн лишь напоминает Нику, что он «старший кузен» братишки.
Ответ: 2
Аудиозапись
Вы готовите тематическую радиопередачу с высказываниями пяти разных людей, обозначенных буквами А, В, С, D, Е. Подберите к каждому высказыванию соответствующую его содержанию рубрику из списка 1–6. Используйте каждую рубрику из списка только один раз. В списке есть одна лишняя рубрика. Вы услышите запись дважды.
| 1. | It’s enjoyable |
| 2. | It could be available |
| 3. | It’s boring |
| 4. | It can be motivating |
| 5. | It can be interesting |
| 6. | It’s educational |
Впишите цифры от 1 до 6
Правильный ответ
15362
Пояснение
Разбор. Speaker A рассказывает, что любит ходить в музеи и покупать билеты онлайн: "I enjoy visiting different interesting places and learning new things about history, art, science, or whatever. And I love going on excursions to museums." — это рубрика 1 "It's enjoyable".
Speaker B не любитель искусства, но неожиданно для себя увлёкся местным музеем: "I really didn't imagine that I would like it so much." — рубрика 5 "It can be interesting".
Speaker C прямо называет экскурсии скучными: "So now I find museums and excursions monotonous and uninteresting." — рубрика 3 "It's boring".
Speaker D говорит, что музеи расширяют знания: "This will definitely broaden your knowledge." — рубрика 6 "It's educational".
Speaker E предлагает создать виртуальный музей для тех, у кого нет доступа к настоящему: "I suggest we arrange a global internet-based museum... there would be no need to travel far." — рубрика 2 "It could be available". Лишней осталась рубрика 4 "It can be motivating".
Ответ: 15362
Аудиозапись
The foreign language he/she speaks
___________________________
Правильный ответ
French
Пояснение
Разбор. На вопрос интервьюера "You said you've been to France. Do you speak French as a foreign language?" девушка отвечает: "Yes, I do. I speak it fluently, but still make some grammar mistakes." Иностранный язык, на котором она говорит, — французский.
Ответ: French
Аудиозапись
Age of the respondent
___________________ years old
Правильный ответ
eighteen
Пояснение
Разбор. На вопрос "Are you still at school or have you finished it?" девушка отвечает: "It's my last year at school. I'm 18 already." Её возраст — восемнадцать лет.
Ответ: eighteen
Аудиозапись
Favourite school subject
___________________________
Правильный ответ
science
Пояснение
Разбор. На предположение интервьюера "I believe you like art and computer design" девушка отвечает: "Neither. I love science. I've always loved it. And our science teacher is great." Любимый школьный предмет — естественные науки.
Ответ: science
Аудиозапись
Dream job
___________________________
Правильный ответ
actress
Пояснение
Разбор. На вопрос "Don't you know what you would like to do as a career?" девушка отвечает: "Well, I've always dreamt of being an actress and starring in films, but... I don't have a gift for the stage." Профессия мечты — актриса.
Ответ: actress
Аудиозапись
Hobby
___________________________
Правильный ответ
singing
Пояснение
Разбор. После слов "Everyone says I've got a nice voice" девушка добавляет: "And I love singing, but only do it as a hobby." Её хобби — пение.
Ответ: singing
Аудиозапись
Regular sports activity
___________________________
Правильный ответ
aerobics
Пояснение
Разбор. На предположение "I wouldn't be surprised if you did karate or yoga" девушка отвечает: "No, I do aerobics." Регулярное занятие спортом — аэробика.
Ответ: aerobics
Вы проводите информационный поиск в ходе выполнения проектной работы. Определите, в каком из текстов A–F содержатся ответы на интересующие Вас вопросы 1–7. Один из вопросов останется без ответа. Занесите Ваши ответы в таблицу.
| 1. | When did the history of Murmansk start? |
| 2. | Why was the city of Murmansk called so? |
| 3. | Were there any dramatic events in the city’s history? |
| 4. | What is modern Murmansk like? |
| 5. | What is the climate of the city area? |
| 6. | How can tourists travel to Murmansk? |
| 7. | What attractions of the area are worth seeing? |
| A. | Murmansk is the largest city in the world located above the Arctic Circle. It is one of the unique spots on the planet. Despite being close to the Arctic Circle, Murmansk has a relatively mild climate. Murmansk’s average temperature in January is a comfortable -12.6°C, while July has the average temperature of 14.2°C. The reason for this is the Barents Sea with its warm North Atlantic Current, bringing tropical water into the northern region. |
| B. | The city of Murmansk has got its name due to the cold Barents Sea. Originally, the citizens of Norway were called “Murmans” in Russia. As time passed, the whole southern coast of the Barents Sea, located next to Norway, was known as “the Murman Coast.” And that is exactly the place where one should look for the city of Murmansk on a map. So, the name “Murmansk” simply means “the city that was built on Murman.” |
| C. | Murmansk is one of the most fascinating Russian cities. Although it seems beyond belief, it was founded just over a century ago. It all started with a small settlement of fishermen that appeared on the coast of the Barents Sea in 1915. However, officially the story of the city began only a year later, in 1916, when the foundation stone of the settlement’s first church was laid. Murmansk became the last city founded in the large Russian Empire. |
| D. | During WWII, the city was seriously damaged. The German army planned to take control of Murmansk in 2 days, but this plan of action was ruined. During the war, 185 000 bombs were dropped on Murmansk, but the city has never surrendered. In November of 1945, only one-fifth of the buildings were still standing. The city was reconstructed to its pre-war state in less than 10 years. And in the 1950s a new chapter of Murmansk’s history began. |
| E. | Murmansk serves as the main “northern gateway” of Russia. The city is the largest seaport, which is free of ice throughout the year, and it is the most important base of the fishing industry in Russia. Shipbuilding and repairing of large boats or ships are the main Murmansk industries. The city is also an important scientific and cultural hub of the region. Murmansk is getting more and more popular as the city of international tourism. |
| F. | Murmansk is a great travel destination for anyone who likes adventures or thinks that Russia has no more surprises up its sleeve. It is among the best locations to hunt for the Northern Lights. The city suburbs will make you fall in love with northern nature. There are excursions to the giant ships, as well as cruises across the northern seas. Tourists can enjoy such amazing winter activities as dog and reindeer sledding, or explore the fairy-tale Snow Village. |
Впишите цифры от 1 до 7
Правильный ответ
521347
Пояснение
Разбор. Текст A о погоде за полярным кругом: Murmansk has a relatively mild climate и далее средние температуры января и июля — это вопрос 5. Текст B объясняет происхождение названия: the name "Murmansk" simply means "the city that was built on Murman" — вопрос 2. Текст C называет дату основания: It all started with a small settlement of fishermen that appeared on the coast of the Barents Sea in 1915 — вопрос 1.
Текст D посвящён войне: During WWII, the city was seriously damaged и 185 000 bombs were dropped on Murmansk, but the city has never surrendered — драматические события истории, вопрос 3. Текст E описывает город сегодня: The city is the largest seaport, which is free of ice throughout the year — вопрос 4. Текст F перечисляет, что смотреть: It is among the best locations to hunt for the Northern Lights — вопрос 7.
Лишним остаётся вопрос 6. Ни один текст не говорит, как турист добирается до Мурманска: F называет только развлечения и экскурсии на месте, а не поезд, самолёт или другой путь в город.
Ответ: 521347
Jeans cloth was named after a city.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 13–19 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Notstated). Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Jeans
The history of jeans goes as far back as the 16th century when sailors in Genoa (Italy) wore a material that eventually became the material used in jeans. The word ‘jean’ derives from the name of the Italian port city Genoa, as it was a custom to name a material after its place of origin. By the late 16th century, jean material was already produced in Lancashire, England.
It was the California Gold Rush of 1849 that started the evolution of American trousers that would one day become blue jeans. The gold miners wanted clothes that were strong and did not tear easily. The person who suggested an appropriate type of clothing was a German businessman Levi Strauss, who had moved to America. Levi Strauss sold many different things, but his main product was a tough canvas material used for tents and wagon covers. Understanding the urgent need of the gold miners Levi Strauss decided to make trousers out of the tough canvas he was selling. The miners liked the new ‘working’ trousers, though they were uncomfortable to wear as the material was too rough.
To improve the trousers for miners, Levi Strauss began looking for a different material and soon he found a suitable one in France. The material was called ‘serge de Nimes’. Americans just called it ‘de Nimes’, and this name soon became its short form ‘denim’. Denim was a bit lighter and softer than the material Levi Strauss used for his working trousers. It was very strong and did not wear out quickly, even after many washes. The trousers made of denim became quite popular among the miners.
The only problem was that original denim was almost white and the trousers got dirty as soon as the miners started working! For that reason Levi Strauss decided to use coloured denim, and he chose dark blue. This was a radical new idea and ‘Blue jeans’ had arrived!
Levi's jeans were so popular, that his company got bigger and bigger. Other firms were making blue jeans too. Miners liked them, but so did cowboys and other working men.
Levi’s jeans were work trousers. Male workers wore them all the time but a gentleman would not even think of wearing jeans. Things changed when western movies became popular. All the cowboys wore jeans and people thought they looked heroic, attractive and cool. Also jeans were greatly popularized in Europe by American off-duty soldiers who wore them during World War II. They made jeans seem like casual American trousers, a symbol of the American lifestyle.
In the 2000s, the sale of classic blue jeans stopped growing. Young people were not particularly interested in traditional jeans styles, mainly because of their parents, who adored jeans. Since no teenager would wear the clothes their parents were wearing, the latest generation of youth turned to other fabrics and styles. They still wear denim, but it had to be in new cuts, shapes and styles.
Правильный ответ
1
Пояснение
Разбор. О происхождении названия сказано: “The word jean derives from the name of the Italian port city Genoa, as it was a custom to name a material after its place of origin”. Ткань действительно названа в честь города.
Ответ: 1
Levi Strauss had a few friends among gold miners.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 13–19 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Notstated). Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Jeans
The history of jeans goes as far back as the 16th century when sailors in Genoa (Italy) wore a material that eventually became the material used in jeans. The word ‘jean’ derives from the name of the Italian port city Genoa, as it was a custom to name a material after its place of origin. By the late 16th century, jean material was already produced in Lancashire, England.
It was the California Gold Rush of 1849 that started the evolution of American trousers that would one day become blue jeans. The gold miners wanted clothes that were strong and did not tear easily. The person who suggested an appropriate type of clothing was a German businessman Levi Strauss, who had moved to America. Levi Strauss sold many different things, but his main product was a tough canvas material used for tents and wagon covers. Understanding the urgent need of the gold miners Levi Strauss decided to make trousers out of the tough canvas he was selling. The miners liked the new ‘working’ trousers, though they were uncomfortable to wear as the material was too rough.
To improve the trousers for miners, Levi Strauss began looking for a different material and soon he found a suitable one in France. The material was called ‘serge de Nimes’. Americans just called it ‘de Nimes’, and this name soon became its short form ‘denim’. Denim was a bit lighter and softer than the material Levi Strauss used for his working trousers. It was very strong and did not wear out quickly, even after many washes. The trousers made of denim became quite popular among the miners.
The only problem was that original denim was almost white and the trousers got dirty as soon as the miners started working! For that reason Levi Strauss decided to use coloured denim, and he chose dark blue. This was a radical new idea and ‘Blue jeans’ had arrived!
Levi's jeans were so popular, that his company got bigger and bigger. Other firms were making blue jeans too. Miners liked them, but so did cowboys and other working men.
Levi’s jeans were work trousers. Male workers wore them all the time but a gentleman would not even think of wearing jeans. Things changed when western movies became popular. All the cowboys wore jeans and people thought they looked heroic, attractive and cool. Also jeans were greatly popularized in Europe by American off-duty soldiers who wore them during World War II. They made jeans seem like casual American trousers, a symbol of the American lifestyle.
In the 2000s, the sale of classic blue jeans stopped growing. Young people were not particularly interested in traditional jeans styles, mainly because of their parents, who adored jeans. Since no teenager would wear the clothes their parents were wearing, the latest generation of youth turned to other fabrics and styles. They still wear denim, but it had to be in new cuts, shapes and styles.
Правильный ответ
3
Пояснение
Разбор. О связи Леви Штрауса с золотоискателями сказано только как о деловых отношениях: он продавал им ткань и шил для них брюки. О дружбе с кем-то из них текст не упоминает.
Ответ: 3
Levi Strauss began to make trousers for miners from the material which was used for tents.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 13–19 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Notstated). Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Jeans
The history of jeans goes as far back as the 16th century when sailors in Genoa (Italy) wore a material that eventually became the material used in jeans. The word ‘jean’ derives from the name of the Italian port city Genoa, as it was a custom to name a material after its place of origin. By the late 16th century, jean material was already produced in Lancashire, England.
It was the California Gold Rush of 1849 that started the evolution of American trousers that would one day become blue jeans. The gold miners wanted clothes that were strong and did not tear easily. The person who suggested an appropriate type of clothing was a German businessman Levi Strauss, who had moved to America. Levi Strauss sold many different things, but his main product was a tough canvas material used for tents and wagon covers. Understanding the urgent need of the gold miners Levi Strauss decided to make trousers out of the tough canvas he was selling. The miners liked the new ‘working’ trousers, though they were uncomfortable to wear as the material was too rough.
To improve the trousers for miners, Levi Strauss began looking for a different material and soon he found a suitable one in France. The material was called ‘serge de Nimes’. Americans just called it ‘de Nimes’, and this name soon became its short form ‘denim’. Denim was a bit lighter and softer than the material Levi Strauss used for his working trousers. It was very strong and did not wear out quickly, even after many washes. The trousers made of denim became quite popular among the miners.
The only problem was that original denim was almost white and the trousers got dirty as soon as the miners started working! For that reason Levi Strauss decided to use coloured denim, and he chose dark blue. This was a radical new idea and ‘Blue jeans’ had arrived!
Levi's jeans were so popular, that his company got bigger and bigger. Other firms were making blue jeans too. Miners liked them, but so did cowboys and other working men.
Levi’s jeans were work trousers. Male workers wore them all the time but a gentleman would not even think of wearing jeans. Things changed when western movies became popular. All the cowboys wore jeans and people thought they looked heroic, attractive and cool. Also jeans were greatly popularized in Europe by American off-duty soldiers who wore them during World War II. They made jeans seem like casual American trousers, a symbol of the American lifestyle.
In the 2000s, the sale of classic blue jeans stopped growing. Young people were not particularly interested in traditional jeans styles, mainly because of their parents, who adored jeans. Since no teenager would wear the clothes their parents were wearing, the latest generation of youth turned to other fabrics and styles. They still wear denim, but it had to be in new cuts, shapes and styles.
Правильный ответ
1
Пояснение
Разбор. О материале сказано: “his main product was a tough canvas material used for tents and wagon covers”, и далее “Levi Strauss decided to make trousers out of the tough canvas he was selling”. Брюки шились именно из палаточной парусины.
Ответ: 1
Levi Strauss found denim in a local American shop.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 13–19 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Notstated). Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Jeans
The history of jeans goes as far back as the 16th century when sailors in Genoa (Italy) wore a material that eventually became the material used in jeans. The word ‘jean’ derives from the name of the Italian port city Genoa, as it was a custom to name a material after its place of origin. By the late 16th century, jean material was already produced in Lancashire, England.
It was the California Gold Rush of 1849 that started the evolution of American trousers that would one day become blue jeans. The gold miners wanted clothes that were strong and did not tear easily. The person who suggested an appropriate type of clothing was a German businessman Levi Strauss, who had moved to America. Levi Strauss sold many different things, but his main product was a tough canvas material used for tents and wagon covers. Understanding the urgent need of the gold miners Levi Strauss decided to make trousers out of the tough canvas he was selling. The miners liked the new ‘working’ trousers, though they were uncomfortable to wear as the material was too rough.
To improve the trousers for miners, Levi Strauss began looking for a different material and soon he found a suitable one in France. The material was called ‘serge de Nimes’. Americans just called it ‘de Nimes’, and this name soon became its short form ‘denim’. Denim was a bit lighter and softer than the material Levi Strauss used for his working trousers. It was very strong and did not wear out quickly, even after many washes. The trousers made of denim became quite popular among the miners.
The only problem was that original denim was almost white and the trousers got dirty as soon as the miners started working! For that reason Levi Strauss decided to use coloured denim, and he chose dark blue. This was a radical new idea and ‘Blue jeans’ had arrived!
Levi's jeans were so popular, that his company got bigger and bigger. Other firms were making blue jeans too. Miners liked them, but so did cowboys and other working men.
Levi’s jeans were work trousers. Male workers wore them all the time but a gentleman would not even think of wearing jeans. Things changed when western movies became popular. All the cowboys wore jeans and people thought they looked heroic, attractive and cool. Also jeans were greatly popularized in Europe by American off-duty soldiers who wore them during World War II. They made jeans seem like casual American trousers, a symbol of the American lifestyle.
In the 2000s, the sale of classic blue jeans stopped growing. Young people were not particularly interested in traditional jeans styles, mainly because of their parents, who adored jeans. Since no teenager would wear the clothes their parents were wearing, the latest generation of youth turned to other fabrics and styles. They still wear denim, but it had to be in new cuts, shapes and styles.
Правильный ответ
2
Пояснение
Разбор. Текст говорит обратное: “Levi Strauss began looking for a different material and soon he found a suitable one in France”. Деним он нашёл во Франции, а не в американском магазине.
Ответ: 2
The original colour of denim was blue.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 13–19 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Notstated). Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Jeans
The history of jeans goes as far back as the 16th century when sailors in Genoa (Italy) wore a material that eventually became the material used in jeans. The word ‘jean’ derives from the name of the Italian port city Genoa, as it was a custom to name a material after its place of origin. By the late 16th century, jean material was already produced in Lancashire, England.
It was the California Gold Rush of 1849 that started the evolution of American trousers that would one day become blue jeans. The gold miners wanted clothes that were strong and did not tear easily. The person who suggested an appropriate type of clothing was a German businessman Levi Strauss, who had moved to America. Levi Strauss sold many different things, but his main product was a tough canvas material used for tents and wagon covers. Understanding the urgent need of the gold miners Levi Strauss decided to make trousers out of the tough canvas he was selling. The miners liked the new ‘working’ trousers, though they were uncomfortable to wear as the material was too rough.
To improve the trousers for miners, Levi Strauss began looking for a different material and soon he found a suitable one in France. The material was called ‘serge de Nimes’. Americans just called it ‘de Nimes’, and this name soon became its short form ‘denim’. Denim was a bit lighter and softer than the material Levi Strauss used for his working trousers. It was very strong and did not wear out quickly, even after many washes. The trousers made of denim became quite popular among the miners.
The only problem was that original denim was almost white and the trousers got dirty as soon as the miners started working! For that reason Levi Strauss decided to use coloured denim, and he chose dark blue. This was a radical new idea and ‘Blue jeans’ had arrived!
Levi's jeans were so popular, that his company got bigger and bigger. Other firms were making blue jeans too. Miners liked them, but so did cowboys and other working men.
Levi’s jeans were work trousers. Male workers wore them all the time but a gentleman would not even think of wearing jeans. Things changed when western movies became popular. All the cowboys wore jeans and people thought they looked heroic, attractive and cool. Also jeans were greatly popularized in Europe by American off-duty soldiers who wore them during World War II. They made jeans seem like casual American trousers, a symbol of the American lifestyle.
In the 2000s, the sale of classic blue jeans stopped growing. Young people were not particularly interested in traditional jeans styles, mainly because of their parents, who adored jeans. Since no teenager would wear the clothes their parents were wearing, the latest generation of youth turned to other fabrics and styles. They still wear denim, but it had to be in new cuts, shapes and styles.
Правильный ответ
2
Пояснение
Разбор. Текст говорит обратное: “original denim was almost white”, и только потом Штраус “decided to use coloured denim, and he chose dark blue”. Первоначальный цвет был почти белым, а не синим.
Ответ: 2
After World War II jeans became popular with Europeans.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 13–19 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Notstated). Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Jeans
The history of jeans goes as far back as the 16th century when sailors in Genoa (Italy) wore a material that eventually became the material used in jeans. The word ‘jean’ derives from the name of the Italian port city Genoa, as it was a custom to name a material after its place of origin. By the late 16th century, jean material was already produced in Lancashire, England.
It was the California Gold Rush of 1849 that started the evolution of American trousers that would one day become blue jeans. The gold miners wanted clothes that were strong and did not tear easily. The person who suggested an appropriate type of clothing was a German businessman Levi Strauss, who had moved to America. Levi Strauss sold many different things, but his main product was a tough canvas material used for tents and wagon covers. Understanding the urgent need of the gold miners Levi Strauss decided to make trousers out of the tough canvas he was selling. The miners liked the new ‘working’ trousers, though they were uncomfortable to wear as the material was too rough.
To improve the trousers for miners, Levi Strauss began looking for a different material and soon he found a suitable one in France. The material was called ‘serge de Nimes’. Americans just called it ‘de Nimes’, and this name soon became its short form ‘denim’. Denim was a bit lighter and softer than the material Levi Strauss used for his working trousers. It was very strong and did not wear out quickly, even after many washes. The trousers made of denim became quite popular among the miners.
The only problem was that original denim was almost white and the trousers got dirty as soon as the miners started working! For that reason Levi Strauss decided to use coloured denim, and he chose dark blue. This was a radical new idea and ‘Blue jeans’ had arrived!
Levi's jeans were so popular, that his company got bigger and bigger. Other firms were making blue jeans too. Miners liked them, but so did cowboys and other working men.
Levi’s jeans were work trousers. Male workers wore them all the time but a gentleman would not even think of wearing jeans. Things changed when western movies became popular. All the cowboys wore jeans and people thought they looked heroic, attractive and cool. Also jeans were greatly popularized in Europe by American off-duty soldiers who wore them during World War II. They made jeans seem like casual American trousers, a symbol of the American lifestyle.
In the 2000s, the sale of classic blue jeans stopped growing. Young people were not particularly interested in traditional jeans styles, mainly because of their parents, who adored jeans. Since no teenager would wear the clothes their parents were wearing, the latest generation of youth turned to other fabrics and styles. They still wear denim, but it had to be in new cuts, shapes and styles.
Правильный ответ
1
Пояснение
Разбор. Про популярность в Европе сказано: “jeans were greatly popularized in Europe by American off-duty soldiers who wore them during World War II”. Именно через солдат джинсы стали популярны у европейцев.
Ответ: 1
Nowadays more jeans are produced in Europe than in the USA.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 13–19 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Notstated). Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Jeans
The history of jeans goes as far back as the 16th century when sailors in Genoa (Italy) wore a material that eventually became the material used in jeans. The word ‘jean’ derives from the name of the Italian port city Genoa, as it was a custom to name a material after its place of origin. By the late 16th century, jean material was already produced in Lancashire, England.
It was the California Gold Rush of 1849 that started the evolution of American trousers that would one day become blue jeans. The gold miners wanted clothes that were strong and did not tear easily. The person who suggested an appropriate type of clothing was a German businessman Levi Strauss, who had moved to America. Levi Strauss sold many different things, but his main product was a tough canvas material used for tents and wagon covers. Understanding the urgent need of the gold miners Levi Strauss decided to make trousers out of the tough canvas he was selling. The miners liked the new ‘working’ trousers, though they were uncomfortable to wear as the material was too rough.
To improve the trousers for miners, Levi Strauss began looking for a different material and soon he found a suitable one in France. The material was called ‘serge de Nimes’. Americans just called it ‘de Nimes’, and this name soon became its short form ‘denim’. Denim was a bit lighter and softer than the material Levi Strauss used for his working trousers. It was very strong and did not wear out quickly, even after many washes. The trousers made of denim became quite popular among the miners.
The only problem was that original denim was almost white and the trousers got dirty as soon as the miners started working! For that reason Levi Strauss decided to use coloured denim, and he chose dark blue. This was a radical new idea and ‘Blue jeans’ had arrived!
Levi's jeans were so popular, that his company got bigger and bigger. Other firms were making blue jeans too. Miners liked them, but so did cowboys and other working men.
Levi’s jeans were work trousers. Male workers wore them all the time but a gentleman would not even think of wearing jeans. Things changed when western movies became popular. All the cowboys wore jeans and people thought they looked heroic, attractive and cool. Also jeans were greatly popularized in Europe by American off-duty soldiers who wore them during World War II. They made jeans seem like casual American trousers, a symbol of the American lifestyle.
In the 2000s, the sale of classic blue jeans stopped growing. Young people were not particularly interested in traditional jeans styles, mainly because of their parents, who adored jeans. Since no teenager would wear the clothes their parents were wearing, the latest generation of youth turned to other fabrics and styles. They still wear denim, but it had to be in new cuts, shapes and styles.
Правильный ответ
3
Пояснение
Разбор. О том, где сейчас производят больше джинсов — в Европе или в США, текст не сообщает; говорится лишь о падении интереса молодёжи к классическим джинсам в 2000-х.
Ответ: 3
Dad usually comes up with original ideas. Last Sunday Dad __________________ that we should all go on a camping trip.
DECIDE
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.
Правильный ответ
decided
Пояснение
Разбор. Нужна форма прошедшего простого времени глагола decide: на конкретный момент в прошлом указывает "Last Sunday".
Ответ: decided
The best part was that Carlos, her husband, __________________ anything about the arrangements. It was going to be a surprise.
NOT KNOW
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.
Правильный ответ
did not know
Пояснение
Разбор. NOT KNOW описывает состояние Карлоса в прошлом, весь рассказ идёт в Past Simple, поэтому нужна форма did not know.
Ответ: did not know
One of them was spending every single day with friends. We __________________ tired of being together.
NOT GET
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.
Правильный ответ
did not get
Пояснение
Разбор. Прошедшее повествование о школьных годах продолжается отрицательной формой Past Simple: We did not get tired of being together.
Ответ: did not get
The house __________________ by Simon himself, with a bit of help from his friends. The result is impressive.
BUILD
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.
Правильный ответ
was built
Пояснение
Разбор. Нужен страдательный залог в прошедшем простом: подлежащее The house не строит само, а строится — на это указывает агентивный оборот by Simon himself.
Ответ: was built
It was dark green, unfashionable but comfortable. It __________________ of natural materials.
MAKE
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.
Правильный ответ
was made
Пояснение
Разбор. Форма сама не производит материал, а изготовлена из него, поэтому нужен страдательный залог Past Simple Passive: It was made of natural materials.
Ответ: was made
It's very different now. Stonehenge __________________ more crowded than it was.
BECOME
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.
Правильный ответ
has become
Пояснение
Разбор. Слово now и сравнение с прошлым состоянием (more crowded than it was) описывают изменение, которое произошло к настоящему моменту. Это Present Perfect: Stonehenge has become more crowded.
Ответ: has become
“No, thank you, I __________________ what I need,” answered Matilda showing a thick book of fairy tales.
FIND
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.
Правильный ответ
have found
Пояснение
Разбор. Нужно настоящее совершённое время (Present Perfect) глагола find: действие относится к недавнему прошлому, но его результат виден прямо сейчас — Матильда "showing a thick book of fairy tales", которую только что нашла.
Ответ: have found
Today I wish I __________________ an opportunity to get inside the circle again but unfortunately it is not possible any more.
HAVE
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.
Правильный ответ
had
Пояснение
Разбор. После I wish I __ an opportunity ... but unfortunately it is not possible any more выражается жалость о том, чего сейчас нет. После I wish такое действие ставится в Past Simple: had.
Ответ: had
Carlos couldn’t blow them out on the __________________ try and his friends were delighted to help him.
ONE
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 20–28, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 20–28.
Правильный ответ
first
Пояснение
Разбор. Перед существительным try нужно порядковое числительное вместо количественного ONE — first.
Ответ: first
In Moscow, there are approximately 35,000 dogs living on the streets. Some of these __________________ animals were born there.
HOME
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 29–34 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 29–34.
Правильный ответ
homeless
Пояснение
Разбор. В пропуске нужно прилагательное: оно определяет существительное animals — these ______ animals, а речь идёт о собаках, живущих на улицах (dogs living on the streets). Суффикс -less образует от существительного home прилагательное с отрицательным значением «бездомный».
Ответ: homeless
He says he prefers only __________________water and different fruit juices.
DRINK
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 29–34 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 29–34.
Правильный ответ
drinking
Пояснение
Разбор. Пропуск определяет water, образуя составное существительное: «he prefers only __________________ water and different fruit juices». Суффикс -ing образует его от глагола drink — «питьевая вода».
Ответ: drinking
And a gloomy rainy day can make you feel lonely and __________________.
HAPPY
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 29–34 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 29–34.
Правильный ответ
unhappy
Пояснение
Разбор. Нужно имя прилагательное, однородное с lonely через союз and, после глагола feel. Пасмурный дождливый день (a gloomy rainy day) вызывает плохое, а не хорошее настроение. От HAPPY отрицательная приставка un-.
Ответ: unhappy
However, to find a true friend is not easy. Friendship requires honesty, trust and __________________.
KIND
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 29–34 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 29–34.
Правильный ответ
kindness
Пояснение
Разбор. Пропуск — существительное, последнее в однородном ряду дополнений глагола requires: «Friendship requires honesty, trust and __________________». Суффикс -ness образует абстрактное существительное от прилагательного kind, как и соседние honesty, trust.
Ответ: kindness
And I didn’t regret it! My host family was __________________.
WONDER
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 29–34 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 29–34.
Правильный ответ
wonderful
Пояснение
Разбор. В предложении My host family was __________________ нужно прилагательное — именная часть сказуемого. От существительного WONDER оно образуется суффиксом -ful.
Ответ: wonderful
I don’t think I will stop riding my bicycle till I’m __________________ old.
REAL
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 29–34 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 29–34.
Правильный ответ
really
Пояснение
Разбор. Нужно наречие перед прилагательным old, усиливающее его. От REAL наречие образуется суффиксом -ly: real + ly.
Ответ: really
Для ответа на задание 35 используйте БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 2. При выполнении задания 35 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным на БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма электронного письма. Письмо недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста электронного письма, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Соблюдайте нормы письменной речи, записывайте ответы аккуратно и разборчиво.
Укажите номер задания 35 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.
You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Alice:
From: Alice@mail.uk
To: Russian_friend@oge.ru
Subject: Career plans
… Time has come to choose a profession for the future. I’m still thinking about it but I really don’t know what career to choose.
… What would you like to be in the future? Will you use English for your future job? What do your parents advise you to be? …
Write a message to Alice and answer her 3 questions.
Write 100–120 words.
Remember the rules of email writing.
Слов: 0 / 100–120
Решение
Разбор. Алиса спрашивает про будущую профессию, использование английского на работе и совет родителей. Друг задаёт три вопроса: "What would you like to be in the future?", "Will you use English for your future job?" и "What do your parents advise you to be?". Ответное письмо отвечает на все три по порядку, содержит вступление, благодарность за письмо, встречный вопрос и завершающую фразу с подписью; объём — 109 слов, что укладывается в требуемые 100–120.
Hi Alice,
Thanks a lot for your letter, it was great to hear from you!
I would like to be a translator in the future, because I have always been fascinated by different languages and cultures. Yes, I will definitely use English for my future job, since translators need to speak foreign languages fluently every single day. My parents advise me to become a doctor or an engineer, because they think those jobs are stable, but I want to follow my own dream instead.
Have you thought of any other careers apart from becoming a historian?
I have to go now, my English lesson starts soon.
Take care,
Alex
Ответ: приветствие, благодарность за письмо, ответ на все три вопроса про будущую профессию, английский язык на работе и совет родителей, встречный вопрос, завершающая фраза, подпись.
Task 1. You are going to read the text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.
Most people enjoy watching the night sky. And the brightest object in the sky is the Moon. Every night the Moon rises in the East and sets in the West. It takes about 27 days to go around the Earth, and it’s an interesting fact that we always see the same side of the Moon. The Moon is the closest object to the Earth. It would take us only thirteen hours to get to the Moon by rocket. If we were able to travel at the speed of light, it would take a bit less than two seconds.
There is a very thin atmosphere on the Moon. Life is not possible there. In spite of this, the Moon can be used as a base for space exploration and even for space tourism. Some space companies are planning to take tourists to the Moon in the future.
Устное задание
Ответ на это задание записывается голосом. Запись и проверка доступны в режиме пробного экзамена.
Решение
Разбор. Текст карточки: Most people enjoy watching the night sky. And the brightest object in the sky is the Moon. Every night the Moon rises in the East and sets in the West. It takes about 27 days to go around the Earth, and it's an interesting fact that we always see the same side of the Moon. The Moon is the closest object to the Earth. It would take us only thirteen hours to get to the Moon by rocket. If we were able to travel at the speed of light, it would take a bit less than two seconds. There is a very thin atmosphere on the Moon. Life is not possible there. In spite of this, the Moon can be used as a base for space exploration and even for space tourism. Some space companies are planning to take tourists to the Moon in the future.
Критерий «Фонетическая сторона речи» оценивает точность звуков и ударения, естественную интонацию повествования и отсутствие пауз, которые меняют смысл фразы. В этом тексте есть слова-ловушки: thirteen — ударение на втором слоге (thir-TEEN), в отличие от «thirty» с ударением на первом; rocket — короткий звук /ɒ/ в первом слоге, а не долгий «о»; exploration — ударение на третьем слоге (ex-plo-RA-tion); tourism и tourists — сочетание «our» даёт звук /ʊər/, а не «оу»; interesting — часто произносится как три слога (IN-tres-ting), лишний слог не добавляют.
Ответ: чтение текста о Луне вслух с верным ударением в thirteen, exploration, tourism и кратким звуком в rocket, без искажающих смысл пауз.
Аудиозапись
Task 2. You are going to take part in a telephone survey. You have to answer six questions. Give full answers to the questions.
Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.
Устное задание
Ответ на это задание записывается голосом. Запись и проверка доступны в режиме пробного экзамена.
Решение
Разбор. Интервьюер задаёт шесть вопросов о том, как подростки относятся к телевидению, но запись сохранила только пять из них: между четвёртым и пятым вопросом в расшифровке остался лишь обрывок «you», значит один вопрос не поддаётся восстановлению. Ниже — пять сохранившихся вопросов дословно и полный ответ на каждый.
Ответ: расшифровка сохранила пять вопросов из шести (о числе телевизоров дома, о том, кто смотрит телевизор больше всех, о любимых программах, об участии в телешоу и о карьере на телевидении); на каждый дан полный ответ в одно-два предложения.
Task 3. You are going to give a talk about animals. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10–12 sentences). Remember to say:
You have to talk continuously.
Устное задание
Ответ на это задание записывается голосом. Запись и проверка доступны в режиме пробного экзамена.
Решение
Разбор. I would like to talk about animals. In my region, there are wild animals such as foxes, wolves, deer and various birds living in the forests nearby. Some smaller animals like squirrels and hedgehogs can even be seen close to residential areas. I do not think it is a good idea to keep a wild animal as a pet because wild animals have natural instincts and need space and freedom that a house cannot provide. Keeping them at home can also be dangerous both for the animal and for the owner. People build zoos in cities and towns so that everyone, especially children, can learn about different species without travelling far. Zoos also help to protect endangered animals and support scientific research. My attitude to zoos is generally positive, although I believe animals should be kept in conditions similar to their natural habitat. A good zoo should focus on education and conservation rather than just entertainment. I enjoy visiting zoos occasionally to observe animals that I would never see in the wild. However, I always hope that the animals there are treated with care and respect. In conclusion, wild animals deserve our protection whether they live freely or in a well-run zoo.
Проверяющий оценивает, раскрыты ли по порядку все четыре пункта плана: какие дикие животные живут в регионе ученика, хорошая ли идея держать дикое животное дома и почему, зачем строят зоопарки, отношение к зоопаркам, — а также вступление, заключение и объём 10–12 фраз.
Ответ: перечислены дикие животные региона — лисы, волки, олени; дан отрицательный ответ на вопрос о диком животном как питомце, с причиной; названа цель зоопарков — образование и охрана видов; отношение к зоопаркам — сдержанно положительное.