Полное понимание информации в тексте: выбор одного правильного ответа из четырёх предложенных · 53 задания
- Задание №17№17Сложное
What is the author’s advice on acquiring optimistic thinking? 1) Read motivational quotes daily. 2) Say “thank you” to people around you. 3) Ask quest…
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Лёгкое
The author advises that students should … 1) study on a master’s programme. 2) copy what other people do. 3) follow their own route. 4) try working af…
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Лёгкое
According to Juan Garcia, part-time employment gives students a higher chance to … 1) earn more money. 2) find a job when they graduate. 3) graduate w…
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Сложное
What is implied by the author’s comparison of Russia with Vienna? 1) Vienna is better decorated than Russia. 2) Russian people love classical music. 3…
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Среднее
What is the main idea expressed in the last paragraph? 1) The adaptation period to a foreign culture depends on an individual. 2) Living in Russia for…
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Сложное
The author is using a reference to a famous proverb “An apple a day keeps a doctor away” (Paragraph 7 – An apple a year will keep no doctor away) to e…
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Лёгкое
What did the author NOT see at the museum? 1) Old textiles. 2) Magic stones. 3) Parts of weapons. 4) Ancient charms.
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Сложное
Recourse in the paragraph before last (they let us do incredible, sometimes ugly things without recourseor any external help) most probably means … 1)…
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Лёгкое
The word “ they ” in paragraph 8 “… admit they are happier” refers to... 1) younger pupils. 2) restrictions. 3) teenagers. 4) teachers.
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Лёгкое
The most difficult thing for Martin in the beginning was to make his workers … 1) care about the product standards. 2) pick bigger quantities of beans…
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Сложное
It can be implied that at present the beans from low- caffeine plants … 1) cannot be used for big-scale sales. 2) taste poorly. 3) are very vulnerable…
Чтение: полное понимание
- Задание №17№17Среднее
It is implied that college teachers … 1) have relevant experience. 2) lack technology skills. 3) are paid regularly. 4) may be supported by private gi…
Чтение: полное понимание
What does they in paragraph 13 (“… so they can adapt accordingly”) refer to?
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Should children be allowed to retake tests?
My daughter texted me from school, upset that she’d failed a physics test she thought she’d been prepared for. She was worried it would bring down her overall grade at the end of the first marking period. A half-hour later, she texted to say all was good. Her teacher allowed her to make corrections – she got all the problems right this time, and her grade was no longer under threat.
On the one hand, I was pleased that she’d taken the initiative to fix what she viewed as a problem. On the other hand, I wasn’t sure how I felt about this infinite redo approach.
When I heard that my daughter was allowed to go back and correct her mistakes, my mind instantly went to all the professionals in the real world – surgeons, firefighters, death-row case trial lawyers, pilots, paramedics, cops and more – who really, really needed to get their jobs right the first time. With some jobs, “later” isn’t an option. Heck, in the realm of less life-and-death professions, I spent years working as a live TV show producer. There were no second takes there, either.
As with all education research, both pros and cons have been tallied and reported.
Some of the pros include the assertion that letting kids retake tests reduces cheating, makes them responsible for their own grades and helps them better evaluate their own learning.
Cons have been listed as: low motivation; students procrastinating until they’ve fallen too far behind, leading to stress; and teachers needing to teach separate lessons to different class members during the same period.
Then I turned to my focus group of one: my husband, a middle school math and physics teacher who has, for years, allowed his students to redo their homework and in-class work as many times as they wish in order to get to 100% mastery.
I asked him why he believes his technique is beneficial.
He stressed that, “Homework and in-class work is formative assessment, which is the key here. Homework and in-class work is practice. Doing the work correctly over and over again is the only way to improve. Tests are summative assessments. They measure performance after practice. I allow redos only on homework and in-class work. I don’t allow resitting tests, because tests measure what they’ve learned after all that practice. If you are a performing artist, it’s the performance that matters. For athletes, it’s the game. Homework versus tests is the same thing.”
That brings us back to those surgeons, firefighters, death-row case trial lawyers, pilots, paramedics, cops and more who, in real life, I would really like to get their tasks right the first time.
Their jobs can be considered the ultimate in summative assessment. But that assessment didn’t come on the first day of training. It came after many, many years of formative assessments in the form of arguing mock trials, practicing approaches on flight simulators, and conducting rescue drills – not to mention taking paper-and-pencil tests as well.
So much education policy debate these days seems to be driven by a zero-sum game mindset. If we do things one way, we shouldn’t be doing them another. As the late Stephen Sondheim wrote, “Is it always “or?” Is it never “and?”
Just as students benefit from a cross-section of classmates, they should also benefit from a cross-section of opinions on how best to teach. It would better prepare them for living and working with a variety of people for the rest of their lives, and help them figure out how they learn best, so they can adapt accordingly.
That said, I would still prefer that my daughter got her physics equations right the first time.
Правильный ответ
1
Пояснение
Разбор. Для того чтобы определить, к какому существительному относится местоимение they, необходимо проанализировать структуру последнего предложения текста (абзац 14 в оригинале, в задании указан как 13).
Место нахождения ответа — последнее предложение предпоследнего абзаца: “It would better prepare them for living and working with a variety of people for the rest of their lives, and help them figure out how they learn best, so they can adapt accordingly.”
В данном предложении подлежащим является местоимение It (относящееся к идее разнообразия подходов в обучении). Это «оно» (обучение) помогает «им» (them) понять, как «они» (they) учатся лучше всего, чтобы «они» (they) могли адаптироваться. Контекст всего абзаца и предыдущего предложения четко указывает на учащихся: “Just as students benefit from a cross-section of classmates...”. Таким образом, местоимения them и they в этой части текста замещают существительное students.
Разбор остальных вариантов:
- Opinions (мнения) — неодушевленное существительное; мнения не могут «учиться» (learn) или «адаптироваться» (adapt) самостоятельно в данном контексте.
- Lives (жизни) — это обстоятельство времени/места в предложении (for the rest of their lives), жизни не обладают способностью к обучению.
- People (люди) — в тексте упоминается variety of people (разнообразие людей), с которыми студенты будут работать, но логика предложения направлена на то, что именно студенты должны понять свой стиль обучения и адаптироваться к этим людям.
Ответ: 1
Источник: ФИПИ